Geoffrey Chaucer

 

                         Troilus and Cressida

                                       

 

                                   Book III

 

                             


                   

                                              1.

 

          O Blissful light, of which the beams clear

adorn all the third heaven fair!

O sun’s beloved, O Jove’s daughter dear,

pleasure of love, O grace of air,

in gentle hearts and ready to live there!

O true cause of health and gladness,

blessed be your power and your goodness!

 

                                        2.

 

In heaven and hell, in earth and salt sea

your power is felt, if I truly discern all,

since man, bird, beast, fish, herb and green tree

feel at times your influence eternal.

God loves, and from love will never fall:

And in this world no living creature

          without love, has worth, or may endure.

 

                                        3.

 

          You Jove first to those effects so glad

(through which all things live and be)

brought him, and amorous him made

towards mortal things: and as you wish, ye

gave him in love ease or adversity:

and in a thousand forms down him sent

to love on earth, and where you wished he went.

 

                                        4.

 

For you fierce Mars quenched his ire:

and as you wish you make hearts fine:

at least, those that you wish to set on fire,

they fear shame, and vices they resign.

You make them courteous, fresh and benign,

and high or low, whatever a man intends,

the joy he has, your power to him sends.

 

                                        5.

 

You hold kingdom and house in unity:

you the true cause of friendship are also:

you know all the secret quality

of things, that folk wonder about so,

when they cannot see why time should show

that she loves him, or why he loves her,

or why this fish, not that one, comes to the weir.

 

                                        6.

 

You have set a law for folk in the universe,

and this I know from those that lovers be,

that they who work against you have the worse

of it: now, lady bright, of your benignity,

in reverence to those who serve thee,

whose clerk I am, now teach me to write true

some of the joy folk feel in serving you.

 

                                        7.

 

Do you into my naked heart sentiment

infuse, and show me of your sweetness. –

Calliope, your voice now be present,

for now it is needed: see you not my distress,

how I must tell right now of the gladness

of Troilus, all for Venus’s honouring?

To which gladness him who has need God bring.

 

                              8.

 

All this time meanwhile lay Troilus

rehearsing his lesson in this manner:

‘My faith!’ thought he, ‘this I will say, and thus:

thus will I entreat my lady dear:

that word is good, and this shall be my cheer:

this I must not forget, any wise.’

God grant it all works out as he shall devise.

 

                              9.

 

And lord, how fast his heart began to beat,

hearing her coming, and he heaved a sigh!

And Pandarus, that led her, by and by,

came near and began in at the curtain to spy,

and said: ‘God give health to those who die!

See, who is here coming to visit you:

Lo, here is she that is your death too.

 

                              10.

 

At that it seemed as if he wept almost.

‘Ah,’ said Troilus, so ruefully,

‘whether I am woeful, O mighty God you know’st.

Who is there? I can see nothing, truly.’

‘Sir,’ said Cressid, ‘it is Pandar and I.’

‘You, sweet heart? Alas I may not rise

to kneel and do you honour, in any guise.’

 

                              11.

 

And he raised him upward, and she right so

began her soft hands both on him to lay:

‘Oh, for the love of God, do you not so

for me,’ she said, ‘ah! what do you say?

Sire, I come to you for two causes today:

first to thank you, and from your lordship seek

the continuing protection I beseech.’

 

                              12.

 

At this, Troilus, who heard his lady pray

for his support, was neither quick nor dead,

nor, for shame, might to her one word say,

even if men should strike off his head.

But lord! he blushed so suddenly red,

and sire, his lessons, that he thought he knew

in how to speak to her, his wits ran through.

 

                              13.

 

Cressid all this spied out well enough,

for she was wise, and loved him nonetheless

though he was not forward, nor seemed tough,

nor bold enough to sing a fool a mass.

But as his shame began somewhat to pass,

his words, as long as my rhymes hold,

I will tell you, as teach the books of old.

 

                              14.

 

In altered voice, truly because of dread,

which voice shook, and therefore his manner

was greatly abased, and now his colour red,

now pale, to Cressid, his lady dear,

with look downcast and humble cheer,

lo, the very first words that from him start

are twice: ‘Mercy, mercy, sweet heart.’

 

                              15.

 

And he was silent a while, and when he could bring

himself to speak, said: God knows, that I have

as faithfully as I have had it in my enabling,

been yours (so God my soul save)

and shall, till I, poor wretch, am in my grave.

And though I dare not, and cannot, complain

to you, it’s true that none the less I suffer pain.

 

                              16.

 

This is as much, now, O womanly one,

as I may say: and if this does you displease,

I will avenge it on my own life, right soon

I think, and set your heart at ease,

if with my death your heart I can appease.

But since you have heard me have my say,

now I care not how soon I pass away.’

 

                              17.

 

With that his manly sorrow to behold,

might have left a heart of stone in pain:

and Pandar wept as if he might melt, all told,

and nudged his niece again and again,

and said: ‘True hearts are woebegone!

For love of God make of this thing an end,

and slay us both at once before you wend.’

 

                              18.

 

 ‘I? What?’ said she: ‘by God and by my truth,

I do not know what you would have me say.’

‘I? What?’ said he: ‘that on him you have ruth,

for God’s love, and let him not fade away.’

‘Now then, thus,’ she said, ‘I will him pray

to tell me the object of his intent:

I never knew yet quite what he meant.’

 

                              19.

 

‘What I might mean, O sweet heart dear?’

said Troilus, ‘O lovely, fresh and free!

That with the streams of your eyes clear

you might look some time friendly on me,

and then agree that I may be he,

without a trace of vice in any way,

who might in truth serve you every day.

 

                              20.

 

As towards my own lady and chief resort,

with all my wit and all my diligence,

and I to have, at your will, comfort,

subject to your punishment, equal to my offence,

even death, if I fail in your defence:

and that you deign to show me so much honour,

as to command me aught at any hour.

 

21.

 

And I to be yours, very humble, true,

secret, and in the pains I take patient,

and ever more desire fresh anew

to serve, and ever likewise diligent,

and with good heart all wholly bent

on obeying your wishes, however they smart:

lo, I mean this, my own sweet heart.’

 

                              22.

 

Said Pandarus: ‘Lo, here’s a hard request,

and reasonable, for a lady to spurn!

Now, my niece, by Jove’s natal feast,

were I a god, your death you would earn,

who hear clearly this man will only burn

for your honour, and see him almost die too,

and yet are so loth to suffer him to serve you.’

 

                              23.

 

With that she began her eye on him to cast

all pleasantly and all graciously,

considering, and went not too fast

with her words, but said to him softly:

‘Mine honour excepted, I will truly,

and in such form as he can now devise,

accept him fully as servant, in my eyes .

 

                              24.

 

Beseeching him, for God’s love that he

will, in honour of truth and nobleness,

as I mean well, so mean well to me,

and my honour with wit and finesse

always guard: and if I may do him gladness,

from here on, then I will not feign:

now all be whole, no longer complain.                   

 

                              25.

 

But nevertheless, I warn you,’ said she,

‘king’s son though you be, in this

you shall no more have sovereignty

over me in love than right in such case is.

Nor will I forbear, if you do amiss,

to be angry with you: but while you me serve

cherish you truly as you deserve.

 

                              26.

 

And in short, dear heart and all my knight,

be glad, and regain your lustiness,

and I shall truly, with all my might,

your bitterness turn all to sweetness.

If I be she that may bring you gladness,

for every woe you shall receive a bliss’:

And him in her arms took and began to kiss.

 

                              27.

 

Pandarus fell on his knees, and up his eyes

to heaven threw, and held his hands high.

‘Immortal God,’ said he, ‘that never dies -

Cupid, I mean - this does you glorify:
and Venus, you may make your melody.

Without hand to them, it seems that in the town,

at this marvel, I hear each bell sound.

 

                              28.

 

But ho! nor more now of this matter,

because these folk will come up soon,

who have the letter read: ‘lo, I them hear.

But I conjure you Cressid, for one

and two, you Troilus, when you are up and gone,

that to my house you come at my inviting,

for I will full well arrange your coming.

 

                              29.

 

And ease your hearts there right enough,

and let’s see which of you can ring the bell

for speaking of love aright.’ With that he laughed:

‘For there you will have a chance to tell!’

Said Troilus: ‘How long shall I dwell

before it’s done?’ Said he: ‘When you shall rise

this thing shall be exactly as I advise.

 

                              30.

 

At that Helen and also Deiphebus

came upwards, right at the stair’s end:

and lord! so then began to groan Troilus

to his brother and his sister, to pretend.

Said Pandarus: ‘It’s time our way to wend.

Take, my niece, your leave of all three,

and let them talk, and come along with me.’

 

                              31.

 

She took her leave of them as politely

as she could, and they did her reverence

as fully as they could and graciously,

and spoke wondrously in her absence,

of her, in praise of her excellence:

and her demeanour, wit, and her manner

commended so, it was a joy to hear.

 

                              32.

 

Now let her take her way to her own place,

and we will turn to Troilus again,

who began the letter lightly to trace

that Deiphebus had in the garden seen.

And of Helen and him he would fain

be free, and said that his request

was to sleep, and after talk have rest.

 

                              33.

 

Helen kissed him, and took her leave all blithe,

Deiphebus also, and home went all who might.

And Pandarus, as fast as he could drive,

then came to Troilus: straight as a crow’s flight:

and on a pallet all that glad night

he lay by Troilus with a merry face,

to talk, and it was well they were together a space.

 

                              34.

 

When everyone had vanished but these two,

and all the doors were shut quite fast,

to tell in brief, without more ado,

Pandarus, at this, before time passed

rose, and on his bed’s side sat,

and began to speak in sober guise

to Troilus as I shall you advise.

 

                              35.

 

My dearest lord, and my brother dear,

God knows, and you, that it made me sore

to see you languishing so this year,

for love, from which your woe grew always more,

so that I, with all my power and all my lore,

have ever done my utmost business

to bring you to joy out of distress:

 

                              36.

 

and I have brought it to the state you know’st,

so that through me you now stand in the way

of faring well – I say it without boast –

and know you why? Shame it is to say,

for you I have begun a game to play

which I would never do for any other,

although he were a thousand times my brother.

 

                              37.

 

That is to say, for you I have become

between joke and earnest, such a go-between

as makes women to men come:

though I say naught, you know well what I mean:

for you I have my niece (of vices clean)

made so fully trust your nobleness,

that everything shall be as you wish.

 

                              38.

 

But God, that knows all, I take to witness

that covetously I this never wrought,

but only to abridge your distress

from which you well nigh died, as I thought.

But, good brother, do now as you ought,

for God’s love, and keep her from blame,

since you are wise, and always guard her name.

 

                              39.

 

For you know well, her name as yet here

among the people, as one might say, hallowed is:

for that man is unborn, I truly swear

who ever knew her do a thing amiss.

But woe is me, that I, who cause all this,

have to consider she is my niece dear,

and I her uncle, yet a traitor clear.

 

                              40.

 

And were it known that I, through my own cunning,

had in my niece created this fantasy,

to do your pleasure and come running,

why, all the world would upon it cry

and say that I the worst treachery,

did, in this case, that ever was begun,

and she’d be lost, and you have nothing won.

 

                              41.

 

Wherefore before I go another pace

one more I beseech you and now say

that privacy must go with us in this case,

that you must never reveal us, that’s to say,

and be not angry though I often pray

you to hold secret such a deep matter:

for reasonable, you know it, is my prayer.

 

                              42.

 

And think what woe has befallen before this

through boasting, as men can read:

and what mischance in this world yet there is

from day to day, through that wicked deed.

Because of which the ancients were agreed

and told us in wise proverbs when we were young

that the first of virtues is to hold your tongue.

 

                              43.

 

And were it not that I desire to abridge

diffuse discussion, I could almost

a thousand stories to you allege

of women lost through false and foolish boast.

You have learnt enough yourself, and know’st,

proverbs against that vice of always blabbing,

though men might speak the truth in their gabbing.

 

                              44.

 

O tongue, alas! so often here before

have you made many a lady bright of hue

say: “Alas the day that I was born!”

And many a maid’s sorrow to renew,

and for the most part, all of it untrue

that men claim, if tested were what they weave:

by his nature no boaster can be believed.

 

                              45.

 

A boaster and a liar all is one,

as thus: suppose a woman grant me

her love, and says that other will she none,

and I am sworn to keep to secrecy,

and after I go tell it two or three.

Then I am a boaster at the least,

and a liar, since my oath’s deceased.

 

                              46.

 

Now look then if they be not to blame,

that manner of folk: what shall I call them, what,

who boast of women, and by name,

that never even promised this or that

nor knew them more than they did my old hat?

It is no wonder, so God my wounds heal,

that women dread with us men to deal.

 

                              47.

 

I say this not out of mistrust for you,

nor for wise men, but the foolish,

and because the harm that’s in the world now

as often comes through folly as through malice.

For I know well, that in wise folk vice

no woman dreads, if she is well apprised,

for the wise by the fool’s fate are advised.

 

                              48.

 

But now to the purpose: beloved brother dear,

keep all these things that I have said in mind,

and be close, and be now of good cheer,

for in your day of need you’ll me true find.

I shall your business do in such a kind,

and with God’s help, that it will satisfy.

For it shall be just as you’d hope it might.

 

                              49.

 

For I know well that you mean well, too:

therefore I dare this fully to undertake.

You know also, what the lady granted you,

and the day is set the contract to make.

Now good night, I cannot keep awake:

and pray for me, since you are now in bliss,

that God soon send me death or joy like this.’

 

                              50.

 

Who could tell of half the joy, or guess

what the soul of Troilus then felt,

hearing the assurance in Pandar’s request?

His old woe, that made his heart swell

began for joy to waste away and melt.

And all the wealth of his sighs so sore

fled at once: he felt them no more.

 

                              51.

 

But just as these coppices and hedges,

that have in winter been dead and grey,

re-clothe themselves in green when May is,

when every lusty lad likes best to play:

just in that same wise, truth to say,

his heart was suddenly filled with joy,

till there was never gladder man in Troy.

 

                              52.

 

And he began his look on Pandar to cast

both soberly and friendly, to see,

and said: ‘Friend, in April last

as well you know, if it remembered be,

how near death from woe it was you found me,

and how you went about this business

to know from me the cause of my distress.

 

                              53.

 

You know how long I refused to tell

you, who are the man that I best trust:

and yet there was no risk as it befell,

I know that truly, but tell me, just,

since I was loth to tell you though I must,

how dare I speak to others of this matter,

who tremble now, where no one can us hear?

 

                              54.

 

But nevertheless, to you by that God I swear all,

who as He wishes may this whole world govern,

and if I lie, may Achilles with his spear

cleave my heart, though my life were eternal,

as I am mortal, if soon or late it fall

that I would betray it, or dare, or can,

for all the good God made under the sun,

 

                              55.

 

then I would rather die and fate be mine

I think, now chained up in a prison,

in wretchedness, with filth and vermin,

a captive of cruel King Agamemnon:

and this in all the temples of this town,

and by all the gods, I will to you swear

tomorrow morning, if you wish to hear.

 

                              56.

 

And that you have done so much for me,

that I may never more it repay,

this I know well, though I might now for thee

die a thousand times in a day:

I will serve you, what more can I say,

as your true servant, wherever you may wend,

for evermore until my life’s end.

 

                              57.

 

But here with all my heart I you beseech,

never to imagine in me such folly

as I now say: for me to think by your speech,

that this, which you do for me, so friendly,

might be taken by me as if it were bawdry.

I am not mad, though stupid I may be:

it is not so, I know that well, indeed.

 

                              58.

 

But he that goes for gold or for riches,

on such an errand, call him what you wish:

and this that you do call it nobleness,

compassion, and fellowship, and trust.

Distinguish it so, for far and wide we must

know that the differences must be discerned

between similar things, as I have learned.

 

                              59.

 

And so that you know I think not, nor dream

that this service is a shame or a joke,

I have a fair sister Polyxene,

Cassandra, Helen, or any of the pack:

be she ever so fair, and nothing lack,

tell me which you will have of anyone

for yours, and leave all to me alone.

 

                              60.

 

But since you have done me this service,

to save my life and not out of greed,

so, for the love of God, this enterprise

carry it through, for now there is most need:

for high and low, without a doubt indeed,

I will always all your rules keep.

Now good night, and let us both sleep.

 

                              61.

 

Thus each held him with the other well blessed,

that all the world could not better it amend:

and on the morrow, when they were both dressed,

each to his own needs began to attend.

But Troilus, though like a fire he burned,

from fierce desire of hope and of pleasure,

did not forget self-control and measure.

 

                              62.

 

But in himself with manhood he restrained

each wayward deed, and unbridled glare,

so that all who lived, truth to say,

should have no sign, by word or manner,

what he might think concerning this matter.

From everyone he was as far as is the cloud,

over his thoughts so well he drew a shroud.

 

                              63.

 

And all the while, which I to you describe,

this was his way of life, with all his might

by day he was in Mars’s high service,

that is to say, in arms, as a knight.

And for the greater part, in the long night

he lay and thought how that he might serve

his lady best, her thanks for to deserve.

 

                              64.

 

I will not swear, although he lay full soft,

that in his thought he was all at ease,

nor that he did not turn his pillows oft

and wish that what he lacked he might seize.

But that in such cases men are hard to please,

for aught I know, no less than was he,

I consider that a possibility.

 

                              65.

 

But certain it is, back to the point to go,

that all this while, as is written in the history,

he saw his lady sometimes, and also

she spoke with him, when she dared, and he

and she by agreement, as best could be,